SEQ2FUN

BioLiP
Download all results in tab-seperated text for 942758 receptor-ligand interactions, whose format is explained at readme.txt.
  • Hover over PDB to view the title of the structure. Click PDB to view the structure at the RCSB PDB database. Resolution -1.00 means the resolution is unavailable, e.g., for NMR structures.
  • Click Site # to view the binding site structure. Hover over Site # to view the binding residues.
  • Hover over Ligand to view the full ligand name. Click Ligand to view the 2D diagram and other detail information of the ligand.
  • Hover over EC number to view the full name of enzymatic activity.
  • Hover over GO terms to view all GO terms.
  • Hover over UniProt to view the protein name.
  • Sort results by
    << < 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558 2559 2560 > >>
    Go to page

    # PDB
    (Resolution Å)
    Site # Ligand EC number GO terms UniProt PubMed Binding
    affinity
    509801 6mn2:B (2.744) BS01 COA 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... A0A059X981 N/A
    509802 6mn2:B (2.744) BS02 COA 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... A0A059X981 N/A
    509803 6mn2:B (2.744) BS03 SIS 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... A0A059X981 N/A
    509804 6mn3:A (2.4) BS01 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509805 6mn3:B (2.4) BS01 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509806 6mn4:A (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509807 6mn4:A (2.8) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509808 6mn4:B (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509809 6mn4:B (2.8) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509810 6mn4:C (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509811 6mn4:C (2.8) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509812 6mn4:D (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509813 6mn4:D (2.8) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509814 6mn4:E (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509815 6mn4:F (2.8) BS01 AM2 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509816 6mn5:A (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509817 6mn5:A (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509818 6mn5:B (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509819 6mn5:B (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509820 6mn5:C (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509821 6mn5:C (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509822 6mn5:D (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509823 6mn5:D (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509824 6mn5:E (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509825 6mn5:E (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509826 6mn5:F (2.58) BS01 LLL 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509827 6mn5:F (2.58) BS02 ZN 2.3.1.81 GO:0008080 ... Q306W4 35338238
    509828 6mn7:G (4.8) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31097697
    509829 6mn7:H (4.8) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31097697
    509830 6mn7:I (4.8) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31097697
    509831 6mn8:A (2.35) BS01 MG 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509832 6mn8:A (2.35) BS02 HFG 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509833 6mn8:A (2.35) BS03 ANP 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509834 6mn8:A (2.35) BS04 AMP 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509835 6mn8:A (2.35) BS05 2PN 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509836 6mn8:A (2.35) BS06 SER 6.1.1.15 GO:0000166 ... A0A2K6VKP7 N/A
    509837 6mna:A (1.75) BS01 U2D ? N/A O53780 31471317
    509838 6mnc:B (2.4) BS01 J3Z 1.1.1.51
    1.1.1.62
    GO:0003824 ... P14061 30768851 BindingDB: IC50=810nM, Ki=3nM
    509839 6mne:A (1.86) BS01 NAP 1.1.1.51
    1.1.1.62
    GO:0003824 ... P14061 30768851
    509840 6mne:A (1.86) BS02 J3Z 1.1.1.51
    1.1.1.62
    GO:0003824 ... P14061 30768851 MOAD: Kd=1.6uM
    BindingDB: IC50=810nM, Ki=3nM
    509841 6mne:B (1.86) BS01 NAP 1.1.1.51
    1.1.1.62
    GO:0003824 ... P14061 30768851
    509842 6mne:B (1.86) BS02 J3Z 1.1.1.51
    1.1.1.62
    GO:0003824 ... P14061 30768851 MOAD: Kd=1.6uM
    BindingDB: IC50=810nM, Ki=3nM
    509843 6mnf:M (2.758) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 16174734
    509844 6mnf:M (2.758) BS02 MAN N/A N/A N/A 16174734
    509845 6mnh:A (1.73) BS01 JVD 2.7.11.1 GO:0004672 ... O75385 30891127
    509846 6mni:A (1.696) BS01 PRO N/A N/A N/A 33721671
    509847 6mni:B (1.696) BS01 PRO N/A N/A N/A 33721671
    509848 6mnl:B (-1.00) BS01 peptide ? N/A O60885 30518851
    509849 6mnp:A (2.202) BS01 1CE 3.5.2.6 GO:0008800 ... Q9F663 30942078
    509850 6mnp:A (2.202) BS02 1CE 3.5.2.6 GO:0008800 ... Q9F663 30942078
    509851 6mnq:H (1.804) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509852 6mnq:L (1.804) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509853 6mnr:H (2.201) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509854 6mnr:L (2.201) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509855 6mns:A (2.7) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509856 6mns:B (2.7) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509857 6mns:H (2.7) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509858 6mns:L (2.7) BS01 peptide N/A N/A N/A 31263112
    509859 6mnv:A (1.65) BS01 JVS N/A GO:0000287 ... N/A 31264865 MOAD: Ki=428uM
    509860 6mnv:A (1.65) BS02 MG N/A GO:0000287 ... N/A 31264865
    509861 6mnx:A (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509862 6mnx:A (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509863 6mnx:B (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509864 6mnx:B (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509865 6mnx:C (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509866 6mnx:C (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509867 6mnx:D (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509868 6mnx:D (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509869 6mnx:E (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509870 6mnx:E (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509871 6mnx:F (2.2) BS01 GTP 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509872 6mnx:F (2.2) BS02 MG 3.6.5.2 GO:0003924 ... P01116 32605999
    509873 6mny:A (2.8) BS01 JVP 2.7.10.2 GO:0004672 ... P35991 30655951
    509874 6mo0:A (2.7) BS01 JVJ 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... Q91H74 31017399
    509875 6mo0:B (2.7) BS01 JVJ 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... Q91H74 31017399
    509876 6mo1:A (3.0) BS01 I16 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... B3RFT3
    Q91H74
    31017399
    509877 6mo1:B (3.0) BS01 I16 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... B3RFT3
    Q91H74
    31017399
    509878 6mo2:A (2.8) BS01 JVM 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... A0A0B4L2Y4
    Q91H74
    31017399
    509879 6mo2:B (2.8) BS01 JVM 3.4.21.91
    3.6.1.15
    3.6.4.13
    GO:0003723 ... A0A0B4L2Y4
    Q91H74
    31017399
    509880 6mo3:A (1.79) BS01 CQG 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509881 6mo3:A (1.79) BS02 0JO 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509882 6mo3:B (1.79) BS01 CQG 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509883 6mo3:B (1.79) BS02 SER 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509884 6mo4:A (1.844) BS01 MG 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109
    509885 6mo4:A (1.844) BS02 JWM 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109 MOAD: ic50=4.6nM
    509886 6mo5:A (1.851) BS01 JWP 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109 MOAD: ic50=0.3nM
    509887 6mo5:A (1.851) BS02 MG 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109
    509888 6mo6:A (2.59) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509889 6mo6:B (2.59) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509890 6mo6:C (2.59) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509891 6mo6:D (2.59) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509892 6mo7:A (1.85) BS01 JWA ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509893 6mo7:B (1.85) BS01 JWA ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509894 6mo7:C (1.85) BS01 JWA ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509895 6mo8:A (1.8) BS01 JWD ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509896 6mo8:A (1.8) BS02 JWD ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509897 6mo8:B (1.8) BS01 JWD ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509898 6mo8:C (1.8) BS01 JWD ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509899 6mo9:A (1.801) BS01 JVY ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509900 6mo9:B (1.801) BS01 JVY ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509901 6mo9:C (1.801) BS01 JVY ? N/A P25440 30606676
    509902 6moa:A (1.271) BS01 JW4 ? N/A P25440 30606676 MOAD: Kd=2.5nM
    509903 6mob:A (1.8) BS01 JWY 2.7.10.1 GO:0004672 ... P10721 31085175
    509904 6mod:A (1.85) BS01 MG 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109
    509905 6mod:A (1.85) BS02 JWV 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109 MOAD: ic50=0.71nM
    509906 6mom:A (2.1) BS01 JX4 2.7.11.1 GO:0000287 ... Q9NWZ3 31484791 MOAD: ic50=0.8nM
    509907 6mom:B (2.1) BS01 JX4 2.7.11.1 GO:0000287 ... Q9NWZ3 31484791 MOAD: ic50=0.8nM
    509908 6mom:C (2.1) BS01 JX4 2.7.11.1 GO:0000287 ... Q9NWZ3 31484791 MOAD: ic50=0.8nM
    509909 6mom:D (2.1) BS01 JX4 2.7.11.1 GO:0000287 ... Q9NWZ3 31484791 MOAD: ic50=0.8nM
    509910 6mon:A (2.711) BS01 peptide 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509911 6mon:A (2.711) BS02 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509912 6mon:A (2.711) BS03 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509913 6mon:A (2.711) BS04 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509914 6mon:A (2.711) BS05 SAH 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785 BindingDB: IC50=180nM
    509915 6mon:B (2.711) BS01 peptide 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509916 6mon:B (2.711) BS02 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509917 6mon:B (2.711) BS03 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509918 6mon:B (2.711) BS04 ZN 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785
    509919 6mon:B (2.711) BS05 SAH 2.1.1.-
    2.1.1.354
    GO:0000122 ... Q9NRG4 30498785 BindingDB: IC50=180nM
    509920 6moo:A (2.2) BS01 ZN 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109
    509921 6moo:A (2.2) BS02 A5F 3.5.1.108 GO:0006796 ... P47205 31283109 MOAD: ic50=19nM
    509922 6mop:A (1.9) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509923 6moq:A (2.198) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509924 6mor:A (1.79) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509925 6mov:A (1.752) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509926 6mox:A (2.18) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509927 6moz:A (2.1) BS01 JXA 2.4.1.-
    3.2.1.-
    3.2.1.45
    3.2.1.46
    GO:0000423 ... P04062 30825709 MOAD: ic50=1.3uM
    509928 6mp3:A (1.907) BS01 dna 2.7.7.7 GO:0003684 ... Q9Y253 N/A
    509929 6mp3:A (1.907) BS02 dna 2.7.7.7 GO:0003684 ... Q9Y253 N/A
    509930 6mp4:A (2.502) BS01 TCI ? GO:0003682 ... P07148 31110286
    509931 6mp4:E (2.502) BS01 TCI ? GO:0003682 ... P07148 31110286
    509932 6mp4:H (2.502) BS01 TCI ? GO:0003682 ... P07148 31110286
    509933 6mp5:A (2.99) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509934 6mp5:B (2.99) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509935 6mp5:C (2.99) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509936 6mp5:D (2.99) BS01 FAD 1.8.5.8 GO:0005515 ... Q9Y6N5 30905673
    509937 6mp8:A (1.89) BS01 AKG 1.14.11.41 GO:0005506 ... Q6WZB0 30403469
    509938 6mp8:A (1.89) BS02 FE2 1.14.11.41 GO:0005506 ... Q6WZB0 30403469
    509939 6mp8:A (1.89) BS03 DAR 1.14.11.41 GO:0005506 ... Q6WZB0 30403469
    509940 6mp9:A (1.89) BS01 JX7 1.14.11.41 GO:0005506 ... Q6WZB0 30403469
    509941 6mp9:A (1.89) BS02 FE2 1.14.11.41 GO:0005506 ... Q6WZB0 30403469
    509942 6mpb:A (3.84) BS01 GLN ? GO:0001618 ... Q15758 31580259
    509943 6mpb:B (3.84) BS01 GLN ? GO:0001618 ... Q15758 31580259
    509944 6mpb:C (3.84) BS01 GLN ? GO:0001618 ... Q15758 31580259
    509945 6mpd:A (1.79) BS01 CQG 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509946 6mpd:A (1.79) BS02 CQG 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509947 6mpd:A (1.79) BS03 0JO 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509948 6mpd:A (1.79) BS04 YOF 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509949 6mpd:B (1.79) BS01 CQG 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509950 6mpd:B (1.79) BS02 YOF 4.1.99.2 GO:0006520 ... P31013 N/A
    509951 6mpf:B (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P80371 31945376
    509952 6mpf:C (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003676 ... P80372 31945376
    509953 6mpf:D (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... P80373 31945376
    509954 6mpf:E (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... Q5SHQ5 31945376
    509955 6mpf:F (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SLP8 31945376
    509956 6mpf:G (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P17291 31945376
    509957 6mpf:H (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY9 31945376
    509958 6mpf:I (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P80374 31945376
    509959 6mpf:J (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... Q5SHN7 31945376
    509960 6mpf:J (3.33) BS02 MG ? GO:0000049 ... Q5SHN7 31945376
    509961 6mpf:K (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P80376 31945376
    509962 6mpf:L (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... Q5SHN3 31945376
    509963 6mpf:M (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P80377 31945376
    509964 6mpf:N (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY6 31945376
    509965 6mpf:N (3.33) BS02 ZN ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY6 31945376
    509966 6mpf:O (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SJ76 31945376
    509967 6mpf:P (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SJH3 31945376
    509968 6mpf:Q (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY7 31945376
    509969 6mpf:R (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SLQ0 31945376
    509970 6mpf:S (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... Q5SHP2 31945376
    509971 6mpf:T (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... P80380 31945376
    509972 6mpg:6 (3.2) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31348886
    509973 6mpg:N (3.2) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31348886
    509974 6mpg:n (3.2) BS01 MAN N/A N/A N/A 31348886
    509975 6mpi:B (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P80371 31945376
    509976 6mpi:C (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003676 ... P80372 31945376
    509977 6mpi:D (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... P80373 31945376
    509978 6mpi:E (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... Q5SHQ5 31945376
    509979 6mpi:F (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SLP8 31945376
    509980 6mpi:G (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P17291 31945376
    509981 6mpi:H (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY9 31945376
    509982 6mpi:I (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P80374 31945376
    509983 6mpi:J (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... Q5SHN7 31945376
    509984 6mpi:K (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P80376 31945376
    509985 6mpi:L (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... Q5SHN3 31945376
    509986 6mpi:M (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000049 ... P80377 31945376
    509987 6mpi:N (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY6 31945376
    509988 6mpi:O (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SJ76 31945376
    509989 6mpi:P (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SJH3 31945376
    509990 6mpi:Q (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... P0DOY7 31945376
    509991 6mpi:R (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003735 ... Q5SLQ0 31945376
    509992 6mpi:S (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0000028 ... Q5SHP2 31945376
    509993 6mpi:T (3.33) BS01 rna ? GO:0003723 ... P80380 31945376
    509994 6mpk:A (1.58) BS01 RET ? GO:0001972 ... P29373 30580520
    509995 6mpp:A (-1.00) BS01 peptide ? N/A P04439 N/A
    509996 6mpq:A (1.95) BS01 JXG ? GO:0008658 ... Q8RLA6 30862744
    509997 6mpq:A (1.95) BS02 CL ? GO:0008658 ... Q8RLA6 30862744
    509998 6mps:A (1.86) BS01 JXD 2.7.8.- N/A Q7WY78 29402087
    509999 6mps:A (1.86) BS02 MG 2.7.8.- N/A Q7WY78 29402087
    510000 6mpt:A (1.649) BS01 C30 2.7.8.- N/A Q7WY78 29402087

    Reference:
  • Chengxin Zhang, Xi Zhang, Lydia Freddolino, and Yang Zhang. BioLiP2: an updated structure database for biologically relevent ligand-protein interactions, Nucleic Acids Research, gkad630 (2023).
  • Jianyi Yang, Ambrish Roy, and Yang Zhang. BioLiP: a semi-manually curated database for biologically relevant ligand-protein interactions, Nucleic Acids Research, 41: D1096-D1103 (2013) (download the PDF file).